4.6. Operation of the scoreboards

The VFP11 processor detects all hazard conditions that exist between issued and executing instructions. It uses two scoreboards to ensure that all source and destination registers for an instruction contain valid data and are available for reading or writing:

In the Decode stage of the VFP11 pipeline, the VFP11 coprocessor determines which source and destination registers are involved in an operation and generates a lock mask for them. In a short vector operation, the lock mask includes the registers involved in every iteration of the operation. In the Issue stage, the VFP11 coprocessor checks and updates the source and destination scoreboards. If it detects a hazard between the instruction in the Issue stage and a prior instruction, the scoreboards are not updated, and the instruction stalls in the Issue stage.

A VFP11 instruction can begin execution only when its source and destination registers are free of locks. A short vector operation can begin only when the registers for all its iterations are free of locks. When a short vector instruction proceeds in the pipeline beyond the Issue stage, all the registers involved in the operation are locked.

The source scoreboard clears a source register lock in the first Execute 1 stage of the pipeline or in the first Execute 1 stage of the iteration. In store multiple instructions, the source scoreboard clears source register locks in the Execute stage in which the instruction writes the store data to the ARM1136 processor.

The destination scoreboard clears the destination register lock in the cycle before the result data is written back to the register file or is available for forwarding. This cycle is Execute 7 in the FMAC pipeline, and Execute 4 in the DS pipeline. In a load operation, the destination scoreboard normally clears the destination register lock in the Memory 2 stage. If the load is delayed, the destination scoreboard clears the destination register lock in the same cycle as the writeback to the register file.

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