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A double value is 64 bits wide. Figure 2 shows its structure.
As before, S is the sign, Exp the
exponent, and Frac the fraction. Most of the
detail of float values remains true for double values,
except that:
The Exp field
is biased by 0x3FF (1023) instead of 0x7F,
so numbers between 1.0 and 2.0 have an Exp field
of 0x3FF.
The Exp value used to represent
infinity and NaNs is 0x7FF (2047) instead of 0xFF.
IEEE Standard for Floating-Point Arithmetic (IEEE 754), 1985 version